In June 1870, Flagler and Rockefeller formed Standard Oil of Ohio, which rapidly became the most profitable refiner in Ohio. Henry started spending a great deal more time in Florida, soon claiming the state as his permanent residence. Birth Name: Henry Flagler Occupation: Entrepreneur Place Of Birth: NY Date Of Birth: January 2, 1830 Date Of Death: May 20, 1913 Cause Of Death: N/A Ethnicity: Unknown Nationality: American Henry Flagler was born on the 2nd of January, 1830. "[38] Flagler and Rockefeller worked hard for their company to achieve such prominence. (Context from a 21st-century author: This story takes place nearly two generations before women were granted the right to vote a time when we were generally valued for being subservient, delicate, and fertile. Jennie Louise was now a young married woman of twenty-four years; Carrie had died as a child; the son Harry was eight. [7] The partnership eventually grew into the Standard Oil Corporation. [33] Ohio was especially vigorous in applying its state anti-trust laws, and finally forced a separation of Standard Oil of Ohio from the rest of the company in 1892, the first step in the dissolution of the trust. University Press of Florida. Enamoured by what Henry Flagler had been up to down south, droves of rich tourists made that harrowing journey to St. Augustine. Henry B Flagler was born on month day 1836, at birth place, New York, to Thomas Flagler and Rachael M Flagler. [22] Despite improving the quality and availability of kerosene products while greatly reducing their cost to the public (the price of kerosene dropped by nearly 80% over the life of the company), Standard Oil's business practices created intense controversy. Mary and Henry's first child was Jennie Louise (born March 1855), then Carrie (born June 1858 and named after Henry Flagler's older half-sister, Caroline), then finally, Harry Flagler (born December 1870). (However, when Harry Flagler was asked about this later, he denied that Ida Alice had ever been his mother's nurse.). . She documented the company's espionage, price wars, heavy-handed marketing tactics, and courtroom evasions. Flamingo Visitor Center is 24 miles away. Chandler, David Leon. Flagler's wife died shortly after the partnership was formed. He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway, much of which he built through convict leasing. [52] A spouse's mental incapacity was later restored by the legislature as a grounds for dissolution of marriage, and remains the law of Florida today. Flagler originally intended West Palm Beach to be the terminus of his railroad system, but in 1894 and 1895, severe freezes hit the area, causing Flagler to reconsider. 0:00. During the Gilded Age, this new class of robber barons like Flagler, Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Vanderbilt were shaking up American society. Instead, an artificial island was constructed in Biscayne Bay called Flagler Monument Island. Col Henry Ostrom & Elizabeth Flagler? The Alcazar is today the Lightner Museum, next to the Casa Monica Hotel in St. Augustine that Flagler bought from Franklin W. Smith. We correct them as soon as they come to our knowledge. In a few years, it seems he embraced the life of a wealthy widower. Together, the boys worked in the Harkness store for several years, where Henry eventually became a part of their sales staff. (2022) "Historical Person Profile: Henry Flagler." Sixty miles (97km) south, the area today known as Miami was reportedly unharmed by the freeze. Who was Henry Flagler? Carolina Story: Virtual Museum of University History", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_Lily_Kenan_Flagler_Bingham&oldid=1125142626, This page was last edited on 2 December 2022, at 11:49. Equivalent to a 15% discount, they put Standard Oil in position to significantly undercut other oil refineries. He also used labor agencies to bring around 4,000 new immigrants to Florida who contracted to work until their transportation costs had been paid off. "[55], Flagler allegedly used convicts leased from Florida prison camps, the majority of them African-American, to clear land for the Royal Palm Hotel in Miami and to build the Florida East Coast Railway from West Palm Beach to Miami and the rail extension to Key West. She had two sons from her previous marriage. As elated as the couple was to meet their first and only son, her condition made planning for Harry's future feel disturbingly somber. Henry Flagler, son of a Presbyterian minister, had Memorial Presbyterian Church built in memory of his daughter Jennie Louise Flagler Benedict and her newborn daughter Margery, both of whom died in 1889. They had two daughters, Jennie Louise and Carrie. Their estate was called Kirkside and was built west of the Ponce de Leon property. Flagler. Control of the Flagler fortune largely passed into the hands of Mary Lily Kenan's family of sisters and brother, who survived into the 1960s. Soon after, though, Mary and Harry followed. "[35], Flagler and Rockefeller continued to consolidate their oil interests as best they could until New Jersey, in 1909, changed its incorporation laws to effectively allow a re-creation of the trust in the form of a single holding company. Flagler divorced Shourds in 1901 and just 10 days later married Mary Lily Kenan. From various newspapers, 1887 - 1895. He recruited Henry Flagler to join him, and the youth went to Ohio at age 14, where he started work in 1844 at a salary of US$5 per month plus room and board. It was initially intended to house entertainment amenities for the Ponce de Leon guests but was soon reimagined as its own hotel. If you ask the same question in Florida, most people will have known someone who lives on Flagler Blvd., in Flagler County, or down the road from the Flagler Museum. Flagler was in a special position to make those deals due to his connections as a grain merchant. Today, when you ask someone if they know about Henry Flagler, they are likely to answer with a shake of their head and a shrug. Flagler's affiliation with the Harkness family would have a fortuitous effect upon his future. Jul 1, 2020 - Explore Patricia Cipolla's board "Henry Flagler" on Pinterest. Timeline Sources cited Graham, T. (2014) Mr. Flagler's St. Augustine (A Florida Quincentennial Book). What kind of a man was Henry Flagler and why do you think this? Having had no prior experience in the salt industry, the Flagler & York company flopped and Henry lost around $100,000 ($100K in 1865 is nearly $2 million in 2022). Flagler controlled a vast fortune, which he earned by buying out small oil refineries and creating a monopoly with Standard Oil. Along with cheques and stocks, Flagler also gifted his wife with a new estate in Palm Beach, Florida. In 1878, his wife Mary fell ill, and died on May 18, 1881, at age 47, leaving Henry Flagler with a young son to raise alone. "[27] Over time foreign competition and new finds abroad eroded his dominance. Henry Flagler was seventy-one, whilst his beaming bride was thirty-four. Was Colonel Henry Ostrom's first wife Elizabeth FLAGLER? Henry Flagler passed away May 20, 1913, and the construction of the "Over-Sea" road served as an example of his substantial impact on the state. However, this kindly nickname does not do justice to the full story of Flagler, who was nearly fifty years old when he first set foot in Florida in 1878. His mother, the widowed Elizabeth Caldwell (Morrison) Harkness, had brought two sons to the marriage with Flagler from her previous marriage to widower Dr. David Harkness of Milan, Ohio. Last Train to Paradise: Henry Flagler and the Spectacular Rise and Fall of the Railroad that Crossed an Ocean (Paperback) by. It was Henry M. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was a United States tycoon, real estate promoter, railroad developer and Rockefeller partner in Standard Oil. New York, NY: Three Rivers Press & Crown Publishers, 2002. Keys, L. (2015) Hotel Ponce de Leon: The Rise, Fall, and Rebirth of Flagler's Gilded Age Palace. As Henry's businesses prospered, they moved to New York City. Dan married Lamon's eldest daughter, Isabella, in 1849 (yes, they were first cousins). But they had never played fair, and that ruined their greatness for me." Indeed, Flagler's second sojourn to St. Augustine went off without a hitch the recently constructed San Marco hotel accommodated him and Ida Alice well, and he found himself to be amongst peers instead of invalids. Henry Morrison Flagler (1830 - 1913) Henry Morrison Flagler Born 2 Jan 1830 in Hopewell, Ontario, New York, USA Ancestors Son of Isaac Flagler and Elizabeth (Caldwell) Flagler Brother of Stephen Vanderburgh Harkness [half] and Daniel Morrison Harkness [half] Husband of Mary (Harkness) Flagler married 9 Nov 1853 (to 18 May 1881) in Huron, Ohio She and her family were given expensive gifts by Henry Flagler in celebration. But in the aftermath of that battle, in 1879 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania indicted Flagler and Rockefeller on charges of monopolizing the oil trade, starting an avalanche of similar court proceedings in other states and making a national issue of Standard Oil's business practices. Dr. Shelton had attended Flagler's daughter Jennie Benedict when she died from complications after childbirth in 1889. He was connected with government officials and industry elites. Pratt's son, Charles Millard Pratt, became Secretary of Standard Oil. Layton, 33001, United States of America - Excellent location - show map. . It supplied kerosene by tank cars that brought the fuel to local markets, and tank wagons then delivered to retail customers, thus bypassing the existing network of wholesale jobbers. [41] The history of American oil refining begins with Flagler and Rockefeller, as they built the biggest, most prosperous and monopolizing oil empire of their time: Standard Oil. Here is a list of Flagler's hotels (that he either purchased or built) along Florida's east coast: To learn more about Henry Flagler's East Coast Railway, consult the 'Works Referenced' section at the end of this Historical Person profile. For a time, Ida Alice and Henry Flagler both stayed and entertained guests within Kirkside, but trouble was on the horizon for Flagler and his second wife. Biography. Both Elizabeth and Isaac had been married twice before, and Henry had a half- sister (his father's daughter from a previous marriage) named Ann-Caroline, or "Carrie," and a half-brother, Dan Harkness (his mother's . He was born in New York. His grandson Solomon changed the spelling of the surname to Flagler and passed it on to his 11 children. [citation needed], Flagler and Rockefeller began a publicity campaign to put the company and themselves in a better light. It was Flagler's idea to use the rebate system to strengthen the firm's position against competitors and the transporting enterprises alike. NY By genealogy.com user October 24, 1999 at 04:39:45. [53], On August 24, 1901, 10 days after his divorce, Flagler married Mary Lily at her family's plantation, Liberty Hall, and the couple soon moved into their new Palm Beach estate, Whitehall, a 55-room beaux arts home designed by the New York-based firm of Carrre and Hastings, which also had designed the New York Public Library and the Pan-American Exposition. Barely any of Ida Alice's personal writings have survived, so there is a major piece of the puzzle missing. For the train, see, Alleged use of convict leasing and debt peonage, Martin, p. 56, quoting Edwin Lefevre, in "Flagler and Florida" from, Joe Knetsch, "The Peonage Controversy and the Florida East Coast Railway,", University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "Madoff scandal stuns Palm Beach Jewish community", "292: Colonel Joseph D. Potts Leader in the Pennsylvania on LiveAuctioneers", "The Story of Convict Leasing in Florida", "Statutes & Constitution :View Statutes: Online Sunshine", "Slavery Revisited: Peonage in the South", "How slave labor built the state of Florida decades after the Civil War", "Abstracts of Reports of the Immigration Commission, Vol II", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Flagler&oldid=1125174074, Jennie Louise (March 18, 1855 March 25, 1889), Knetsch, Joe.
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