The problem is determining the source to identify whether this is a healthy conflict for the team or a symptom of a hidden problem that needs to be uncovered. All rights reserved. This conflict stemmed from a trade dispute, which also factored issues of land access and use. Copyright 2015-2023 PESA. Ghana has since overcome political, economic and social deficits associated with coups to emerge as a significant player and trading partner in Africa. (iii) Increased environmental degradation 6. One of the early theorists on conflict, Daniel Katz (1965), created a typology that distinguishes three main sources of conflict: economic, value, and power. Then, have students find the source of the conflict. 3, pp. 0 them there. SOURCES OF LAW IN GHANA (ARTICLE 11, CHAPTER 4 ). Activities such as family socialization, children attending school, workers carrying out duties, utility services operating, transportation services running, etc, may all be stopped due to physical destruction of social amenities, insecurity or suspicion. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. An organizations reward system can be a source of conflict, particularly if the organization sets up a win-lose environment for employee rewards. In facilitative mediation or traditional mediation, a professional mediator attempts to facilitate negotiation between the parties in conflict. The paper is an account of the emergence of particular identities and inequalities and their role in promoting instability, conflict and violence. The era following Ghanas independence was characterised by authoritarian rule: Nkrumah introduced a one-party state and promulgating laws legitimizing detention without trial for up to five years. If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. Nigerian exports have grown consistently during the period from 2015 to 2018. ECOWAS, on the Africa Regional Integration Index Website, viewed on the 15 October 2018, from https://www.integrate-africa.org/. THE ENGLISH COMMON LAW The origins of English Common Law could be traced from AD 1066 when William the Conqueror was crowned English King. For the most part, those days have long since passed. 0000003180 00000 n 0000018085 00000 n [12] GoG 1992. 0000015376 00000 n [11] BBC 2018. 0000018047 00000 n What is a specific task (under the umbrella of that source) you can target as a leader in an effort to accelerate the development of those involved. conferred by this Constitution [or subsidiary or subordinate legislation]; The existing law or the written and unwritten laws of Ghana that existed immediately, before the coming into force of the 1992 Constitution; and, The common law [or the English common law, English doctrines of equity, and the rules, The constitution of Ghana is the highest or supreme law of the Republic Of Ghana. Problems: Anyone can be involved in a conflict, and the amount of time, money, and equipment needed for resolution will vary according to its complexity. For the military, poor economic performance was a clear indicator of mismanagement and ineffective governance[4]. The Africa Portal is a research repository and an expert analysis hub on African affairs. (iv) Large capital required to establish certain vital services may not be obtained by private It should come as no surprise that many conflicts stem from the lack of clear communication. 3.2 Lack of Resources. 1. There are four basic types: inter/intrapersonal and inter/intragroup. Unemployment refers to the share of the labour force without work but are available for and seeking employment. Aims and Methods in Task Completion Conflict can arise when people have different aims. This should serve as motivation for rural dwellers to stay and work there. Some examples: Many conflicts stem from a power struggle. (vii) Gender discrimination (viii) Marital misunderstandings (ix) Political differences [any four], (b) Measures that can be adopted to reduce rural-urban migration. [14] Kwarke, S. 2018. If an organization is looking to hire people that fit with the company culture, then chances are good youll get along with most of them! applicable to particular communities in Ghana. The word "enactment", does not mean the same thing as the "Act." Click here for more information. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. (ii) The media (both print and electronic) 1. CLICK TO VIEW ANSWERS TO PART 2, 1. 3.1 Vague Definition of Responsibility. Finally, have students write a short (about one paragraph) reflection about conflict in the world today. xb```b``m``e`cc@ >6 X `h`pFAfLlTn{`93jo}#:11=T05 0000006508 00000 n from different sources: illegal land transfer, institutions and individual vested interest on land, squatting on communal lands, inheritance procedure awareness, and . Compared with its neighbours, Ghana seems to be going through a period of relative stability. In other cases, such as in written communication, the full message isn't understood due to the lack of non-verbal cues like body language and inflection. arrested and being sent to prison, etc. Intrapersonal conflict is always a psychological battle for the person experiencing it. (vi) Increase in criminal activities (vii) Increased unemployment rate (viii) Reduced economic productivity Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana, Highlight four problems facing state owned enterprises in Ghana Official Language: English. A number of studies have emphasized the broad disparity between the North and the South of the country in terms of levels of economic development and the general quality of life resulting in the relative backwardness of Northern Ghana in relation to Southern Ghana. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. 0000003507 00000 n (xi) Attractive government incentives for corporate bodies and firms A Dream Deferred: The Democratic Peace After the Arab Spring, THE ROLE OF THE AFRICAN UNION IN AFRICAN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS, Power Politics and Interstate War in Africa, Realpolitiks and the Deceptive Use of Islamist Narratives in Armed Struggles: The Case of the Northern Mali Conflict, Civil Wars in Greater Sudan and South Sudan Civil War in South Sudan: Is it a Reflection of Historical Secessionist and Natural Resource wars in " Greater Sudan ", The Organization of African Unity and Its Role in Regional Confli, The Algerian Security Approach towards the Sahel region: Case of Mali, more information -www.cambridge.org/9780521882385. A Critique of the Africanisation of the South Pacific Thesis, The Role of the Natural Resource Curse in Preventing Development in Politically Unstable Countries: Case Studies of Angola and Bolivia, Forced Migration and Armed Conflict: Refugee-Warriors in Guinea (2006), Negotiation and Mediation of violent Conflicts: A case study of Burundi and Kenya, Coup Risk Counterbalancing International Conflict, External Stakeholder Impacts on Official and Non-Official Third-Party Interventions to Resolve Malignant Conflicts: The case of a failed intervention in Cyprus, The path to secession in Africa: the case of Sudan and Nigeria, Regionalization of Conflict in South Sudan, Analysis of effectiveness of AU in the resolution of conflicts in Africa, Understanding obstacles to peace : actors, interests, and strategies in Africa's Great Lakes region. Avoiding Conflicts. (a) (b) Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana (i) Increase in streetism (i) They help to facilitate safety of the community Workplace Conflict Examples & Resolutions | What is Conflict Management? List of conflicts in Ghana Location of Ghana (red) The following is a list of conflicts in Ghana . This study critically analyzed the types and sources of conflict at four levels: intra-personal, inter-personal, intra-group, and inter-group; with relation to different organizational phenomena. Nevertheless the periodic flaring up of conflicts into serious violence has become a source of worry. The analysis suggests that almost all the respondants are of the view that an impending major conflict is likely to occur in the Northern Region. In Ghana, one wakes up every day to news of violent clashes between local farmers and Fulani herders, as seen in headlines such as "Two farmers shot dead by Fulani in Agogo" Footnote 1 and "Two killed as Fulanis clash with residents in Sekyere Odumasi." Footnote 2 These headlines are widely disseminated throughout the country, and estimates put the number of people killed . This could make life difficult or even unbearable for them. Others are layered with minefields of complexity. CC licensed content, Specific attribution, Organizational Behavior and Human Relations, https://pixabay.com/photos/laptop-computer-technology-monitor-3190194/, https://pixabay.com/illustrations/cup-champion-award-trophy-winner-1613315/, Identify organizational sources of conflict. With changes in the international landscape occurring in the years following the Cold War, new and different types of conflict flared up. Departments within the organization feel like they are working at cross-purposes, even though theyre both operating under the assumption that their choices are best for the company. The managers must be sensitive to the staff's feelings, actively listen to their side of the story, yet remain neutral and professional throughout the entire time. This study seeks to establish the main explanation for the conflict; identify and evaluate the main actors and policies aimed at resolving the crisis; identify all stakeholders in the conflict and . By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. The, constitution shall be the supreme Law of Ghana and any other law found to be inconsistent with, any provision of this inconsistency is declared void. As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. This would make life in the rural areas more attractive and interesting. (v) Human rights abuse (vi) They discourage scientific advancement and technology (vii) They generate conflicts among members of the community (viii) They create intense and unreasonable fear in the community (ix) They slow down development / progress in the community (x) They sometimes permit abuse of ones human rights If you need it tomorrow, call us today! Global Academic Society Journal: Social Science Insight, Vol. Power conflict occurs when the groups involved intends to maximisetheir influence in the social setting or in an organisation. It situates the question of conflict within the context of the Northern Region of Ghana and defines conflict as a situation in which people, groups or individuals are involved in a serious disagreement or argument which degenerates into violence. [6] WB 2019. They start make adjustments to the design, saving money by using less expensive materials than what were recommended by the R&D team. Avoiding is another passive approach that is typically not effective, but it has its uses. (vi) Creates conditions for human rights abuses The more careless ones then abuse the rights of the others. Some of these practices are puberty rites, widowhood rites, forced marriages, female genital mutilation, etc. An analysis of inter-ethnic conflicts in Northern Region reveals a pattern of struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. Stronger relations began after the end of the civil war in 2002. participants, the process of identifying the sources of conflict illuminates the features of the relationship among conflict participants that foster conflict. By submitting your contact form you agree to be contacted by PESA associates regarding your query. A conflict of interest is a very common type of conflict that arises due to differences in opinion, views, and positions. The term enactment refers in law to the whole or part of the legislation. [1] Fischer, H. 2016. (ii) Give two examples of superstitious beliefs, (b) Outline five effects of superstitious beliefs on a community, Answer one question only from this section. Because we have different likes and dislikes, enjoy different things, and view the world from different perspectives, interpersonal conflicts are bound to happen. The manufacturing team disagrees with research and development. Stress and Burnout Workplace stress is often the source of conflict in an organization. startxref 1992. Research Methods in Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Research Methods in Psychology: Tutoring Solution, FTCE School Psychologist PK-12 (036) Prep, CLEP Introductory Psychology Exam: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Social Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Social Psychology: Certificate Program, Social Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Educational Psychology: Tutoring Solution, Educational Psychology: Homework Help Resource, UExcel Research Methods in Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Research Methods in Psychology: Certificate Program, Research Methods in Psychology: Help and Review, Introduction to Psychology: Homework Help Resource, High School Psychology: Homeschool Curriculum, Create an account to start this course today. Further, it asserts the president as the commander in chief of the armed forces. The team needs to acknowledge the source of conflict and work on . People who use this style tend to accept decisions without question, avoid confrontation, and delegate difficult decisions and tasks. How to identify conflicts in the workplace. Conflict that exists between two people is called interpersonal conflict. These are the 1969, 1979 and 1992 Constitutions. 3. Fundamentally, what is the source of that conflict? The history of Swazi land tenure dates back to PESA is an independent think-tank promoting regional integration in SADC and providing research on the political economy of development in Africa. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. Conflict arises. (i) Low productivity Many SOEs are producing at levels well below their capacities. The R&D team might come up with something fantastic, featuring loads of bells and whistles that the consumer will put to excellent use. Those sources are. Today, these twin factors constitute a major cause of violent conflicts and civil strife in West Africa. info@africaportal.org, Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA Ghana), View highlights from our past newsletters. [7] WB 2016. (v) Insufficient funds / capital Many SOEs do not have the needed funds to operate at optimum (best / highest) levels. 0000003842 00000 n Then, guide students in determining if the conflict is interpersonal, intrapersonal, intergroup or intragroup. (i) Helps to manage ones finances and avoid over- spending Introduction. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Monetary Policy: Monetary Policy Framework, on the Bank of Ghana Website, viewed on 25 September 2018, from https://www.bog.gov.gh/. 3. Let's look at examples of this type of conflict. Information conflicts arise when people have different or insufficient information, or disagree over what data is relevant. Poor economic performance was recognised as creating social instability, which was deemed to motivate for and justify military interventions. Conflicts driven by this factor are demonstrated in serious conflicts wherein separate parties have sets of beliefs that they assert in an aggressive manner. Even in relationships between people whose personalities complement each other perfectly, you still find occasional disagreements that lead to conflict. Some of the opportunities in rural areas are ease of accommodation, acquisition of land for business or residence, lesser temptation for social The belief that one must not work on ones farm on certain days (i) investigate the causes of the 1948 riots and The country and four . One shift picks up where another leaves off. And leaders learn very early on that not all tasks are created equal! (iii) Social security schemes In addition, Ghana is the first African country to achieve Millennium Development Goal 1, which is pursuant of the objective of a state reducing by half the abject poverty of its citizens[9]. Similarly, the government has also reformed its fiscal policy. Describe four measures that can be adopted to reduce rural-urban migration, 2. Identify a recurring conflict between key members of your team. trailer Maria has taught University level psychology and mathematics courses for over 20 years. In our new study, we used two protracted chieftaincy conflicts in northern Ghana ( Bawku and Bimbilla) to.
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